| Pheidole potosiana Wilson, 2003 |
| Pheidole prattorum Wilson, 2003 |
| Pheidole probolonotum Longino, 2019 |
| Pheidole prolixa Wilson, 2003 |
| Pheidole proserpina Wheeler, 1908 |
| Pheidole protensa Wilson, 2003 |
| Pheidole psammophila Creighton & Gregg, 1955 |
| Pheidole psilogaster Wilson, 2003 |
| Pheidole pubiventris Mayr, 1887 |
| Pheidole punctatissima Mayr, 1870 |
| Pheidole punctatissima subsp. annectens Wheeler, 1905 |
| Pheidole punctatissima subsp. insulana Wheeler, 1905 |
| Pheidole punctatissima subsp. jamaicensis Wheeler, 1908 |
| Pheidole punctatissima subsp. napaea Wheeler, 1934 |
| Pheidole purpurea Longino, 2009 |
| Pheidole pusilla (Heer, 1852) |
| Pheidole quercicola Wilson, 2003 |
| Pheidole radoszkowskii Mayr, 1884 |
| Pheidole radoszkowskii raza parvinoda Forel, 1912 |
| Pheidole radoszkowskii var. opacissima Forel, 1901 |